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StandardFirstAid/Rev2/06062017 - COPYRIGHTS © SINGAPORE FIRST AID TRAINING CENTRE PTE LTD
NOTES:
ASTHMA
A victim who suffers an
ASTHMA
attack:
experiences a narrowing of the airways; and
feels breathless, chest tightness and wheezing during breathing.
TREATMENT
Get victim in a sitting position up.
Encourage victim to breathe deeply.
If the victim has an inhaler, ask him to use it. Assist if needed.
Monitor the victim after using the inhaler.
If there is no relief after a few minutes, call for ambulance.
ALLERGIC REACTION
An
ALLERGIC REACTION:
occurs after consuming certain foods or medication, insect stings or
contact with particular substances in the environment;
can present with rashes, swelling of face and lips, puffiness of eyes;
and
can lead to severe breathlessness, shock and death.
TREATMENT
Seek medical attention immediately.
Advice the victim to sit up and deeply if breathless.
If reaction becomes severe, call for an ambulance.
UNCONSCIOUS VICTIM
CAUSES OF UNCONSCIOUSNESS
A
lcohol
– Alcohol intoxication
E
pilepsy
– Fits
I
nsulin
– Low blood sugar
O
verdose
– Excessive drug intake
U
remia
– Kidney failure
T
rauma
– Head injury, spinal injury, loss of blood
I
nfection
– Severe infections
P
sychiatric
– Mental disorders
S
troke
– Clotting or bleeding in the brain
TREATMENT
Call for ambulance immediately.
If victim is breathing and no spinal injury is suspected, turn to recovery
position to keep the airway clear.
Treat the source of unconsciousness, if possible.
If the victim has stopped breathing, start CPR.
HEAT-RELATED EMERGENCIES
Prolonged exposure to hot conditions may lead to:
1.
SUNBURNS AND RASH
– to the skin causing discomfort
2.
HEAT CRAMPS
– cramps in the legs or abdomen
3.
HEAT EXHAUSTION
– nausea, giddiness, cool skin, fainting
4.
HEAT STROKE
– very hot dry skin, confusion, unconsciousness
TREATMENT
Remove the victim from source of heat and loosen clothing.
Sponge and fan victim and provide water or isotonic drinks.