NOTES:
24
StandardFirstAid/Rev2/06062017 - COPYRIGHTS © SINGAPORE FIRST AID TRAINING CENTRE PTE LTD
•
If victim feels like fainting, lie him down and elevate legs above his
heart level.
•
If the condition worsens, call for an ambulance immediately.
•
If the victim turns unconscious, place in recovery position.
COLD-RELATED EMERGENCIES
Prolonged exposure to cold conditions may lead to:
•
FROSTBITE
is cold injury to part of the body.
•
HYPOTHERMIA
is cold injury to the whole body.
Do NOT rub frostbitten skin.
FROSTBITE
•
Move the victim to a warm place and call for an ambulance.
•
Remove wet clothes and tight constrictors from the frostbite.
•
Do not attempt to thaw if refreezing may occur again.
HYPOTHERMIA
•
Remove wet clothing and dry the victim.
•
Call for ambulance immediately.
•
Cover with blankets/ towels under and around the victim, and cover the
head but not the face.
DROWNING
A
DROWNING
victim may:
•
Experience difficulty in breathing; and
•
Stop breathing.
TREATMENT
•
Alert the lifeguard if available.
•
Rescue the victim using a buoy, float or rope.
•
Call for an ambulance, no matter how minor it seems.
•
Do NOT try to pump the water out.
•
Instruct victim to sit and breathe deeply.
•
Cover with a towel or a blanket.
•
If no breathing, begin CPR.
ELECTRIC SHOCK
An
ELECTRIC SHOCK
may:
1.
pass an electric current through the body
2.
cause nerve, muscle and tissue damage
3.
lead to cardiac arrest
TREATMENT
•
Shut off main supply.
•
Call for an ambulance, no matter how minor it seems.
•
Take spinal precaution – do not move the casualty unnecessarily
•
If no breathing, begin CPR.
HEAD AND NECK INJURY
HEAD AND NECK INJURY
from direct or indirect trauma can cause:
1.
nausea and vomiting;
2.
severe headache;
3.
blood or fluid flowing from the nose, ears or mouth;
4.
unable to move or feel limbs;
5.
confusion or drowsiness;